![]() ![]() Patient A has symptoms including weight gain, cold sensitivity, low heart rate and fatigue.Which of the conditions are the following two patients most likely to have? Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is underactive. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive.Neural stimuli refers to the release of hormones in response to neural stimulation. Hormonal stimuli refers to the release of hormones in response to hormones released by other endocrine glands. Humoral stimuli refers to the control of hormonal release in response to changes in extracellular fluid levels or ion levels. The three mechanisms of hormonal release are humoral stimuli, hormonal stimuli, and neural stimuli. Hormone levels are primarily controlled through negative feedback, in which rising levels of a hormone inhibit its further release. Here, neuronal signaling from the sympathetic nervous system directly stimulates the adrenal medulla to release the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to stress. Recall that in a short-term stress response, the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are important for providing the bursts of energy required for the body to respond. ![]() In some cases, the nervous system directly stimulates endocrine glands to release hormones, which is referred to as neural stimuli. ![]()
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